If you’re asking “what do I need to do to legally become a taxi or private hire driver?”, you’re not alone. Many people look into driving taxis and private hire vehicles (PHV) as a flexible way to earn a living.
This guide provides a clear introduction to become a taxi driver in the UK. It explains the legal steps, required checks, driver licences, and vehicle rules you must follow before carrying passengers.
Licensing laws protect passengers, drivers and the public. While requirements vary slightly between councils, the overall process is similar across England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.
For official guidance, visit: www.gov.uk/taxi-driver-licence
Step 1: Check You Meet the Basic Eligibility Rules
Before submitting your application, most councils require that you:
- Are at least 18 or 21 years old (depending on the licensing authority)
- Have held a full UK or EU driving licence for at least 12 months
- Have a valid driving licence for at least 12 months with no serious disqualifications
Some councils may require you to have held a full licence for longer. Always check with your local council.
Step 2: Decide Between Hackney Carriage or Private Hire
There are two main types of taxi driver licence in the UK:
Hackney Carriage (Public Hire Taxi) Driver
- Can pick up passengers from taxi ranks
- Can be hailed in the street
- Fares are set by the local council
Private Hire Driver (PHV)
- Must be pre-booked through a licensed operator
- Cannot accept street hails
- Often works through apps or booking offices
- Requires a private hire driver licence
Both fall under taxis and private hire regulations, but the rules differ slightly. Read more about Private Hire Vs Black Cab, here.
In London, licensing is handled by Transport for London (TfL): https://tfl.gov.uk/info-for/taxis-and-private-hire/licensing
Step 3: Apply to Your Local Licensing Authority
You must apply to the licensing authority where you plan to work. This is usually your local council.
Each local council sets its own:
- Application fees
- Testing requirements
- Safeguarding standards
- Vehicle age limits
Search online: “Taxi driver licence + your council name”
Step 4: Pass a Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) Check
All applicants must complete an Enhanced Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) check.
This ensures you are considered a fit and proper person to transport passengers safely.
Official DBS guidance: www.gov.uk/request-copy-criminal-record
Many councils also require registration with the DBS Update Service.
Step 5: Complete a Medical Examination
Taxi and private hire drivers must meet DVLA Group 2 medical standards.
Your GP or an approved doctor will assess your fitness to drive. This ensures you are medically safe to carry passengers in private hire vehicles or taxis.
Step 6: Take Required Tests
Depending on your council, you may need to complete:
- A local knowledge test
- An English language assessment
- Safeguarding training
- A practical driving assessment
These standards are based on government statutory taxi and private hire guidance.
Step 7: License Your Vehicle
Your vehicle must be licensed by the same licensing authority that issues your driver licence.
Requirements usually include:
- Age limits
- MOT and compliance testing
- Displaying licence plates
- Meeting safety standards
Vehicle rules vary for hackney carriage or private hire vehicles.
Step 8: Arrange Hire and Reward Insurance
Standard car insurance is not valid for taxi work.
You must have Hire and Reward taxi insurance before transporting passengers. This legally covers you for carrying paying customers.
Always check:
- Policy exclusions
- Excess amounts
- Whether courier or delivery work is covered
Step 9: Join a Licensed Operator (Private Hire Only)
If you hold a private hire driver licence, you must work through a licensed operator.
You cannot legally accept bookings directly.
How Long Does It Take?
The process typically takes several weeks to a few months. Delays often depend on:
- DBS processing times
- Medical appointments
- Test availability
- Council workload
Do not begin work until your badge and vehicle licence are officially issued.
Ongoing Responsibilities
Once licensed, you must:
- Renew your licence before expiry
- Keep insurance valid
- Inform the council of address, conviction or medical changes
- Maintain safe vehicle standards
Operating without the correct taxi driver licence or insurance can result in fines or prosecution.
Summary
To legally become a taxi or private hire driver in the UK, you must:
- Hold a full driving licence for at least 12 months
- Apply through your local council
- Pass a Disclosure and Barring Service DBS check
- Meet medical standards
- Complete required tests
- License your vehicle
- Obtain Hire and Reward insurance
Taking the time to understand the legal requirements helps you avoid delays, fines or licence issues and ensures you can operate confidently and lawfully.